管壳式反应器及高温氧化还原工艺

CLAIMS 1. A shell-and-tube reactor 1 suited to be used at temperatures ranging from 600 °C to 1800 °C, comprising a plurality of tubes (21) and a shell (10) , for the heat exchange between a first hot heat transfer fluid circulating on the shell side and a second fluid circulating on the tube side, the reactor being characterized in that : - the building material is a mixture of alumina-zirconia ZTA metal oxides; - the outer surface of the shell side has a surface roughness ranging from 0.01 pm to 1pm; - the inner surface of the shell side has a surface roughness ranging from 0.01 pm to 1pm; - the material of the shell side has an average grain diameter ranging from 0.15pm to 10pm, an average porosity ranging from 0.01% to 5% and an average pore diameter ranging from lOnm to 0.2pm. 2. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to Claim 1, wherein : - the outer surface of the shell side has a surface roughness ranging from 0.05pm to 0.5pm; - the inner surface of the shell side has a surface roughness ranging from 0.05pm to 0.5pm; - the material of the shell side has an average grain diameter ranging from 0.3pm to 5pm, an average porosity ranging from 0.01% to 0.5% and an average pore diameter ranging from 50nm to 0.1pm; 3. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to any one of the preceding Claims, wherein : - the outer surface of the tubes (21) has a surface roughness ranging from 10pm to 250pm; the inner surface of the tubes (21) has a surface roughness ranging from 10pm to 250pm; - the material of the tube side has an average grain diameter ranging from 0.01pm to 0.5pm, an average porosity ranging from 0.01% to 5% and an average pore diameter ranging from 0.1pm to 10pm. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to Claim 3, wherein : - the outer surface of the tubes (21) has a surface roughness ranging from 40pm to 120pm; - the inner surface of the tubes (21) has a surface roughness ranging from 40pm to 120pm; - the material of the tube side has an average grain diameter ranging from 0.05pm to 0.25pm, an average porosity ranging from 0.01% to 0.5% and an average pore diameter ranging from 0.2pm to 2pm. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to any one of the preceding Claims wherein the building material is a mixture of alumina-zirconia ZTA metal oxides with weight percentages ranging from 95/5 to 70/30. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the mixture of ZTA alumina-zirconia metal oxides is toughened with yttrium oxide or magnesium oxide. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to Claim 6 wherein the building material is a mixture of alumina-zirconia ZTA metal oxides with weight percentages ranging from 95/5 up to 70/30 toughened with yttrium oxide or magnesium oxide so that the weight percentage of zirconia comprises yttrium oxide or magnesium oxide ranging from 3% to 8% molar with respect to the moles of zirconia. The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to Claim 7 wherein the building material is an 80/20 mixture of alumina- zirconia ZTA metal oxides toughened with yttrium oxide or magnesium oxide so that the weight percentage of zirconia comprises yttrium oxide or magnesium oxide ranging 3% to 8 % molar with respect to the moles of zirconia . The shell-and-tube reactor 1 according to any one of the preceding Claims , wherein the design pressure of the shell side ranges from 1 to 20 barg . . The shell-and-tube reactor 1 reactor ( 1 ) with tube bundle ( 20 ) according to any one of the preceding Claims , wherein the design pressure of the tube side ranges from 1 to 20 barg . . High-temperature redox process comprising the following steps : - providing a shell-and-tube reactor ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding Claims from 1 to 10 ; - circulating a first hot heat trans fer fluid on the shell side of shell-and-tube reactor , the first heat trans fer fluid having a temperature , at the inlet of the reactor ( 1 ) , ranging from 600°C to 1500 ° C, the first heat trans fer fluid comprising water or carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof ; - circulating a second fluid on the tube side of the shell- and-tube reactor ; - starting the redox reaction of the second fluid inside the tube of shell-and-tube reactor through absorption, by the second fluid, of heat released from the first hot heat trans fer fluid . 12. The redox process according to Claim 11 wherein the second fluid comprises carbon dioxide and water or only water and, optionally, methane. 13. The redox process according to Claim 11 wherein the second fluid comprises methane and water. 14. The redox process according to any one of Claims 11 to 13, comprising the step of providing, inside the shell-and-tube reactor (1) , a redox catalyst. 15. The redox process according to Claim 14, wherein the redox catalyst is a metal oxide. 16. The redox process according to Claim 15, wherein the redox catalyst is cerium oxide.