用于有机合成反应的可持续催化的新组合物

CLAIMS 1 Composition comprising K2CO3, KCI, and optionally K2SO4 and/or KHCO3, wherein the weight content of potassium is between 9.0 and 60.0 % relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably between 10.0 and 50.0%, more preferably between 10.0 and 40.0%, advantageously between 20.0 and 40.0%. 2.- Composition according to claim 1 , further comprising sodium, calcium and magnesium. 3.- Composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising iron and aluminum. 4.- Composition according to any of claims 1 to 3, being substantially devoid of calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2. 5.- The composition according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is substantially devoid of metals selected from the group of platinoids and in particular Pt, Pd or Rh, and/or of rare earths, in particular Ce, Eu, and Yb; and/or of metalloids, in particular B, Ge, As, Sb and Te. 6.- The composition according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is substantially devoid of transitions metals selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Tc, Re, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au ad Cd. 7.- Method for the preparation of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps : - selecting a plant, wherein the heat treated above-ground parts of said plant comprise between 10.0 and 40.0 % by weight of potassium, - performing a heat treatment under air and at a temperature between 450 °C and 650°C of the above-ground parts of said plant, and - obtaining the composition. 8.- Method according to claim 7, characterized in that it is devoid of a step of acid treatment and/or is devoid of a basic treatment and/or is devoid of a purification step, for example by an ion exchange resin, a liquid-liquid extraction, a selective precipitation or a liquid/solid extraction and/or is devoid of an activation step. 9.- Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the plant belongs to the genus Fallopia, Salix or Arundo. 10.- Method of carrying out a chemical synthesis reaction comprising a step of contacting the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 with the reactant(s) of a chemical synthesis reaction, said chemical synthesis reaction being selected from the group consisting of 1 , 4-nucleophilic additions, aldolization/crotonisation reactions and similar reactions, transfunctionalisation reactions and oxidative hydroxylation reactions. 1 1 .- Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the step of contacting the composition with the reactant(s) of the 1 , 4-nucleophilic additions is carried out in the absence of organic solvent, preferably in the absence of any solvent, more preferably by mechanosynthesis or under microwaves, advantageously by mechanosynthesis. 12.- Method according to claim 10 or 1 1 , characterized in that the 1 , 4-nucleophilic additions are carried out in the presence of an amount of composition corresponding to between 0.01 equivalents and 5 equivalents of K relative to the limiting reactant, preferably between 0.05 equivalents and 4 equivalents, more preferably between 0.1 equivalent and 3 equivalents, advantageously between 0.1 equivalent and 2.5 equivalents. 13. Method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the chemical synthesis reaction comprises a 1 , 4-nucleophilic addition, followed by an aldolization/crotonisation reaction, followed by a decarboxylation reaction. 14.- Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the aldolization/crotonisation reactions and similar reactions are carried out in the presence of an amount of composition corresponding to between 0.01 equivalents and 2.0 equivalents of K relative to the limiting reactant, preferably between 0.02 equivalents and 1.0 equivalents, more preferably between 0.05 equivalents and 0.5 equivalents. 15.- Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the transfunctionalisation reactions are carried out in the presence of an amount of composition corresponding to between 0.01 equivalents and 5.0 equivalents of K relative to the limiting reactant, preferably between 0.02 equivalents and 2.5 equivalents, more preferably between 0.05 equivalents and 1 .5 equivalents. 16.- Method according to any one of claim 10, claim 14 and claim 15, characterized in that the aldolization/crotonisation reactions and similar reactions, and/or the transfunctionalisation reactions and/or the oxidative hydroxylation reactions are carried out under microwaves. 17.- Method for the preparation of methyl dihydrojasmonate, comprising the following steps : a) reacting cyclopentanone with pentanal in the presence of a composition according to any of claims 1 to 6, to obtain a compound of formula [28] b) performing an isomerization of compound of formula [28], preferably in the presence of an acid, to obtain compound of formula [29] c) reacting compound of formula [29] with dimethyl malonate in the presence of a composition according to any of claims 1 to 6, to obtain a compound of formula [30] d) performing a decarboxylation of compound of formula [30], preferably under microwaves, to obtain methyl dihydrojasmonate. 18.- Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, as a catalyst of a chemical synthesis reactions.